Limited Freshwater Availability and the Groundwater Table — Passage and Quiz

Grades
5
6
7
8
Standards
RI.5.5
RI.6.9
PRINT+DIGITAL RESOURCE
This learning resource is available in interactive and printable formats. The interactive worksshet can be played online and assigned to students. The Printable PDF version can be downloaded and printed for completion by hand.
ABOUT THIS READER
Freshwater is a limited resource, with most stored in glaciers and aquifers. Over-pumping groundwater leads to depletion and land subsidence, making conservation and sustainable practices essential.
Publisher: Workybooks
|
Written by:Neha Goel Tripathi
|
Illustrated by:
CONTENT PREVIEW

Limited Freshwater Availability and the Groundwater Table

Freshwater is essential for life, but it makes up only 2.5% of the Earth’s water. Most freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps, leaving less than 1% accessible for human use. This limited availability is further strained by population growth, pollution, and climate change.

 

The groundwater table is the upper level of underground water stored in aquifers, which are porous rock layers. Groundwater is a critical source of freshwater for drinking, agriculture, and industry. However, over-pumping can lower the groundwater table, leading to depletion and land subsidence (sinking of the ground..

 

In many regions, groundwater is being used faster than it can be replenished by rainfall. For example, the Ogallala Aquifer in the United States, which supports much of the country’s agriculture, is being depleted at an alarming rate.

 

To address freshwater scarcity, solutions like water conservation, rainwater harvesting, and desalination (removing salt from seawater) are being implemented. Protecting and recharging aquifers is also crucial for sustainable water management.

 

Fun fact: If all the Earth’s freshwater were represented by a gallon of water, the amount available for human use would be just one teaspoon!

Quiz

1. What percentage of the Earth’s water is freshwater?

A
10%
B
2.5%
C
50%
D
97.5%

2. What is the groundwater table?

A
The surface of the ocean
B
The upper level of underground water in aquifers
C
A type of glacier
D
A layer of saltwater

3. What is an aquifer?

A
A type of glacier
B
A porous rock layer that stores groundwater
C
A river
D
A type of plastic

4. What is one consequence of over-pumping groundwater?

A
Increased rainfall
B
Land subsidence
C
Improved water quality
D
More freshwater availability

5. What is one example of a depleted aquifer?

A
The Amazon River
B
The Ogallala Aquifer
C
The Great Lakes
D
The Pacific Ocean

6. What is one solution to freshwater scarcity?

A
Over-pumping groundwater
B
Water conservation
C
Increasing pollution
D
Ignoring the problem

7. What is the fun fact mentioned in the passage?

A
Freshwater makes up 50% of the Earth’s water
B
The amount of freshwater available for human use is like one teaspoon in a gallon
C
Groundwater is unlimited
D
Aquifers are not important

8. What is desalination?

A
Removing salt from seawater
B
Pumping groundwater
C
Polluting freshwater
D
Melting glaciers

Common core standards covered

RI.5.5
Compare and contrast the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in two or more texts.

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